background hypervariability of hcv proteins is an important obstacle to design an efficient vaccine for hcv infection. multi-epitope vaccines containing conserved epitopes of the virus could be a promising approach for protection against hcv. objectives cellular and humoral immune responses against multi-epitope dna and peptide vaccines were evaluated in balb/c mice. materials and methods in th...

objective: animal studies show that vaccination with epitope-based peptides results in protective immunity. however, immunodominance should be regarded as a major challenge in this area. considering the advantages of epitopic-vaccines against hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection, herein, we compared the occurrence of immunodominance following mice immunization with three different hcv epitopic-pep...

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes acute and chronic human hepatitis infections. Due to the high genetic diversity and high rates of mutations in the genetic material so far there is no approved vaccine against HCV. Materials and Methods: The aim of this study was to determination B and T cell conserved epitopes of E1 and E2 proteins from HCV and construction of a chimeric pepti...

infectious bursal disease (ibd), a highly contagious and devastating disease in young chicken, is causedby infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). to improve the immunogenicity of recombinant ibdv subunitvaccine, an attempt was made to find a new way to prepare ibd vaccine containing glycosylated mvp2antigen. firstly, ibdv mvp2 gene (with a nucleic acid sequence encoding b cell epitope of ibdv(...

a random 12 mers phage library was used to screen a pool of immunoglo¬bulin fractions obtained from vitiligo patients. subsequent to panning experiments, a panel of affinity selected phage from vitiligo patients were obtained. this panel was tested using an elis a for their reactivity with pooled sera from patients and normal controls. among the 16 randomly selected clones, two of clones showed...

objective(s):tumor-associated antigen (taa) subunit-based vaccines constitute promising tools for anticancer immunotherapy. however, a major limitation in the development of such vaccines is the poor immunogenicity of peptides when used alone.the aim of this study was to develop an efficient vaccine delivery system and adjuvant to enhance anti-tumor activity of a synthetic her2/neu derived pept...

With the aim of the production of human factor VIII antigen and its corresponding antibody an epitope coding fragment of the light-chain of hFVIII, fused to a His6-tag, was isolated and over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The over-expressed hFVIII-epitope containing peptide was confirmed by its reaction with a rabbit serum directed against native hFVIII as well as antiHis6-tag antibody. An expr...

Background:  Cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) molecules are expressed on T-cells and inhibit their function by inhibiting activation of subsequent T-cell molecular pathways. Blocking of CTLA-4 inhibits the growth of malignant tumor cells. Anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies activate the immune system against cancer. Due to several advantages of single-chain antibodi...

CD8+ T cells are thought to play an important role in protective immunity to tuberculosis. The major histocompatibility complex class I subtype HLA-A*0201 is one of the most prevalent class I alleles, with a frequency of over 30% in most populations. HLA-A*0201 transgenic, H-2Db/mouse beta2-microglobulin double-knockout mice (HHD) which express human HLA-A*0201 but no mouse class I, was shown t...

Summary To fully decipher the immunogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike protein, it is essential to assess which part highly immunogenic in a systematic way. We generate linear epitope landscape protein by analyzing serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) response 1,051 disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with peptide microarray. reveal two regions rich epi...